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The lie of wealth-creation via SIP in mutual funds

Posted on 12 Feb 2023
Author: Sayan Sircar

Tags: Mutual Funds

6 mins read
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This article shows you that investing via SIP in a mutual fund does not create wealth.

The lie of wealth-creation via SIP in mutual funds

Summary:

We discuss how the Systematic Investment Plan (SIP) in mutual funds does not always guarantee wealth creation.
We use data from a Nifty 50 index fund since 2006 to show that even though the chances of making a profit are higher with longer investment periods, running an SIP in an equity fund does not always mean wealth creation.
We then explain that the end value of the portfolio after an investment period is unpredictable, which makes it hard to plan around.
A recurring deposit or SIP in a debt mutual fund over 10 years would have given a similar return as the worst-case portfolios.
We then provide an alternative, which is to start investing with a specific corpus amount in mind instead of chasing an arbitrary rate of return.

📚 Topics covered:

Defining SIP, SWP and STP
Preparing the data for rolling SIP duration
Result from actual SIP data
Best and worst performing 10-year SIP
- Worst performing 10-year SIP
- Best performing 10-year SIP
What is the alternative?

Defining SIP, SWP and STP

SIP SWP and STP

All of these are standing instructions that get executed as per a schedule you specify:

Systematic Investment Plan (SIP): Money from a bank account is invested into a mutual fund, typically once a month
Systematic Transfer Plan (SIP): Units from a mutual fund are redeemed to invest in another mutual fund of the same AMC
Systematic Withdrawal Plan (SWP): This is the reverse of the SIP. You sell the units from a mutual fund to send money to a bank account

This article will show how having a SIP in a mutual fund may not necessarily guarantee that you will create wealth.

Preparing the data for rolling SIP duration

We have taken data for a Nifty 50 index fund since 2006 and calculated returns for multiple durations. The chart below shows this fund’s returns for a SIP for 1-year, 2-year, 3 years, 5-year, 10-year and 15-year durations. Unfortunately, since the data is from 2006 when daily NAVs became available, we do not have data for 20-year SIP in rolling form. We have taken NAV data from AMFI and calculated all possible SIP results for a 10-year investment period.

We invest once a month for 120 months and then value the portfolio after 120 months. We then roll the period by one day and recalculate. Since we started in 2006, there have been over 1600 such windows. These results are for a constant SIP. We will cover the results from a step-up SIP in a future article.

SIP returns distribution in a Nifty 50 index fund

As the chart above shows, the more the investment period, the higher the chance of making a profit. However, just running a SIP in an equity fund does not mean you are building wealth. We will explain below.

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Result from actual SIP data

Returns from a 10-year SIP

The chart shows 100 of these portfolios equally distributed from the 1600+ portfolios we calculated. However, as the chart shows, the ending values of the portfolio are entirely random, and there is a wide variation.

Since we are investing ₹10,000/month for 120 months, the amount invested is ₹12 lakhs, and the end portfolio value fluctuates from ₹15 lakhs and ₹28 lakhs.

Here is the crux of the problem. If we go by the narrative of

Start a SIP to create wealth

then all the 100 SIPs have created wealth. But the wealth amount after 10 years is unpredictable at the starting point.

Boundaries of portfolio value for 10-year equity SIP

Imagine that you are investing for a child’s college goal with a ₹20 lakh target. Your final result varies between ₹15-28 lakhs. That is an unacceptable amount of variation. As the XIRR chart shows, the lowest-value portfolio that reached only ₹15 lakhs gave a return of only 4%. A recurring deposit or SIP in a debt mutual fund over 10 years would have given a similar return.

A bigger problem happens if the SIP is supposed to create a retirement corpus. Using the exact numbers, a ₹1 lakh/month SIP for 10 years would have made a corpus of ₹1.5-2.8 crores. The lifestyle that is sustainable with ₹1.5 crores is very different from that is possible with ₹2.8 crores.

Also read
Should you stretch to buy your dream home?

Best and worst performing 10-year SIP

Worst performing 10-year SIP

Worst performing 10-year Nifty 50 SIP

Predictably, the worst 10-year SIP with only 4% XIRR at ₹15 lakhs final value happened due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The investment period was from Jan-2010 and ended in Mar-2020.

Best performing 10-year SIP

Best performing 10-year Nifty 50 SIP

The best-performing SIP with a 16% XIRR and ₹28 lakhs final value was started in Jul-2011 and ended in Jun-2021. As the result shows, just a variation of a few months for starting date led to a drastically different ending value.

This result shows that running a SIP in an equity mutual fund may or may not create wealth. If the end result is uncertain, then the process does not work. So if you are investing in the hope of “wealth-creation”, that may stay in the realm of wishful thinking.

We have additional data for other holding periods in this article: Should Indian investors invest 100% in equity for their goals?.

What is the alternative?

When you start investing, instead of fixing on a return in mind say 12% which is not under your control, start with a corpus figure that you want to reach: Why you should chase your target goal corpus instead of returns

That corpus will be used to pay for a known goal in the future:

Ask yourself these questions

Are you getting the correct type of service from your advisor to help you reach your goals?
Do you know the target corpus for your investment goals?
Do you know which products you are invested in and why?
Are you chasing “wealth” or on track on goals?

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